Communication is technically defined as the process in which information is enclosed in a package and imparted from the sender to the receiver through a medium. Communication can be of many types and can be summarized in short as WOVEN, i.e. Written, Oral, Verbal, Electronic and Non-Verbal. Oral and written forms of communication are the most common and frequently used forms of communication. This article is a consolidation of details so as to help you understand in detail about oral and written forms of communication.

Oral Communication

Oral communication is transfer of information from sender to receiver by means of verbal and visual aid. Examples of oral communication include presentations, speeches, discussions, etc.

Though the message is conveyed through words, most of the times oral communication is effectively carried out with the help of non-verbal communication like body language and tone modulations. Oral communication is also at times mixed with visual aid to help establish the conveyed message in a clear manner.

Examples include usage of presentations in a seminar or meeting to put across the message in a clear manner. Oral communication can also be mixed with written communication methods to ensure that maximum effectiveness is achieved.

There are many benefits of oral communication. This form of communication is a quick and direct method of communication. Be it a criticism or praise or information, it helps to convey the message immediately to the receiver. This method of communication enables in obtaining immediate feedback and hence is a form in which two-way communication can be enabled.

The other main advantage of this communication method is that it helps in conveying the message with the desired pitch and tone that is needed for the message. It also saves on time in a huge way and saves enormously on effort that is spent. Oral communication is a less formal method as compared to others and hence adds a personal touch to your message. Combined with the right kind of verbal communication, oral forms can create confidence and loyalty on the sender from the receiver’s side.

There are many ways to create an effective oral communication. It is important to ensure that the words are framed properly and are delivered in the right pitch and tone. Clarity, brevity and precision are mandatory features of an effective oral communication system. It is advisable to avoid complicated sentences and jargons so as to make sure that the message is conveyed across properly. It is important to establish an eye contact and to modulate body language based on the message. For example, a strict order can be conveyed better when communicated with a formal and stern body language as opposed to a casual and friendly one.

Though it has many advantages, oral communication has its set of limitations also. This form of communication can be misinterpreted or misunderstood very easily. Communicating effectively through oral forms require high skills and is not something that everyone can master. It is also not a form of communication that can be used as a form of documentary evidence.

Written Communication

Next to oral communication, written communication is the oldest known form of communication. Any form of communication which is written and documented from the sender to the receiver is known as written communication. Examples of written communication include letters, memos, research papers, reports, etc.

It is a very concrete form of documentary evidence and can also be used for future reference purposes. As the information is written, it can be easily distributed to many people thus making it a bulk communication method. As the information does not change from person to person, the accuracy of the information conveyed is same across the entire audience.

To ensure an effective written communication form, it is a must to follow completeness, clarity and correctness in your writing. As there is no immediate feedback that can be received, it is important that written communication is detailed and accurate to ensure that the write message is communicated.

Also remember to keep the communication simple and without any errors. Written communication also has its limitations like lack of feedback, absence of modulations to convey message effectively, etc. These can be overcome effectively by mixing oral communication with written so as to combine the advantages of both along with eliminating the disadvantages.